2 Kings 12:18

Authorized King James Version

And Jehoash king of Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and in the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Syria: and he went away from Jerusalem.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיִּקַּ֞ח

H3947

took

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ

H3060

And Jehoash

jehoash, the name of two israelite kings

מֶ֣לֶךְ

H4428

and in the king's

a king

יְהוּדָה֙

H3063

of Judah

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

אֵ֣ת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

קֳדָשָׁ֔יו

H6944

all the hallowed things

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

אֲשֶׁר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

הִקְדִּ֣ישׁוּ

H6942

had dedicated

to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)

#10

יְהֽוֹשָׁפָ֣ט

H3092

that Jehoshaphat

jehoshaphat, the name of six israelites; also of a valley near jerusalem

#11

וִֽיהוֹרָם֩

H3088

and Jehoram

jehoram, the name of a syrian and of three israelites

#12

וַֽאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ

H274

and Ahaziah

achazjah, the name of a jewish and an israelite king

#13

אֲבֹתָ֜יו

his fathers

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

#14

מֶ֣לֶךְ

H4428

and in the king's

a king

#15

יְהוּדָה֙

H3063

of Judah

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

#16

וְאֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#17

קֳדָשָׁ֔יו

H6944

all the hallowed things

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

#18

וְאֵ֣ת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#19

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#20

הַזָּהָ֗ב

H2091

and all the gold

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

#21

הַנִּמְצָ֛א

H4672

that was found

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

#22

בְּאֹֽצְר֥וֹת

H214

in the treasures

a depository

#23

וּבֵ֣ית

H1004

house

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

#24

יְהוָ֖ה

H3068

of the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

#25

וּבֵ֣ית

H1004

house

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

#26

מֶ֣לֶךְ

H4428

and in the king's

a king

#27

וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח

H7971

and sent

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

#28

לַֽחֲזָאֵל֙

H2371

it to Hazael

chazael, a king of syria

#29

מֶ֣לֶךְ

H4428

and in the king's

a king

#30

אֲרָ֔ם

H758

of Syria

aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite

#31

וַיַּ֖עַל

H5927

and he went away

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

#32

מֵעַ֥ל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#33

יְרֽוּשָׁלִָֽם׃

H3389

from Jerusalem

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

What practical applications emerge from understanding salvation as presented in this verse, particularly in light of addressing questions of religious pluralism and the exclusivity of Christ?
How does this verse's literary context within 2 Kings chapter 12 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of from physical deliverance in the Old Testament to spiritual redemption in the New, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?

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